Syphilis

Syphilisis a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The signs and symptoms of syphilis vary depending in which of the four stages it presents. The primary stage classically presents with a single chancre though there may be multiple sores.

Hepatitis B Virus

The hepatitis B virus is a small DNA virus that belongs to the “Hepadnaviridae” family. Related viruses in this family are also found in woodchucks, ground squirrels, tree squirrels, Peking ducks, and herons

Causes & facts

• Hepatitis B is a virus found in infected blood, semen (cum) and vaginal fluids.
• It’s a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can be passed on through unprotected sex. You can also get it from contaminated needles and syringes. It’s also commonly passed on from a mother to her baby during birth.

Symptoms of hepatitis B

• Flu-like symptoms, including tiredness, fever and aches and pains
• Feeling and/or being sick
• Loss of weight/appetite
• Diarrhoea
• Tummy (abdominal) pain
• Jaundice, meaning your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow
• Dark urine (pee)
• Pale faeces (poo)

HIV(Human Immune Deficiency Virus)

HIV is a virus that attacks cells in the immune system (the body’s natural defence against illness). The virus destroys a type of white blood cell in the immune system called a T-helper cell – also referred to as a CD4 cell – and uses these cells to make copies of itself.

As HIV destroys more CD4 cells and makes more copies of itself, it gradually weakens a person’s immune system. This means that someone who has HIV, and isn’t taking treatment for it, will find it harder and harder to fight off infections and diseases.

If HIV is left untreated, it may take up to 10 or 15 years for the immune system to be so severely damaged that it can no longer defend itself. However, the rate at which HIV progresses varies depending on age, general health and background.

Symptoms

Most people cannot tell that they have been exposed to, or have acquired, HIV. Initial, or acute, symptoms of HIV infection may show up within two to four weeks of exposure to HIV, and can include:

• Fever
• Swollen glands
• Sore throat
• Night sweats
• Muscle aches
• Headache
• Extreme tiredness
• Rash

How it Spreads Through

• HIV is found in semen
• Blood transfusion
• vaginal and anal fluids
• Tattoos or body piercings(unsterilized)
• unprotected sex (without a condom)
• sharing needles or syringes
• during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding.

HIV wont Spreads through

• Sweat
• Saliva
• Urine.
• coughing or sneezing,
• Hugging, kissing.
• Bug Bites
• Sharing towels or a toilet seat with someone who has the virus.

Chlamydia

The most prevalent bacterial STI in the United States, is the result of the Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium, which can infect the urethra.

Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhea, colloquially known as the clap, is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infection may involve the genitals, mouth, or rectum. Infected men may experience pain or burning with urination, discharge from the penis, or testicular pain.